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Effect of evening primrose oil om selected physiological parameters of thoroughbred horses under training conditions
Mikešová, Kateřina ; Hučko, Boris (advisor) ; Václav, Václav (referee)
Physical exercise increases tissue demand for oxygen and cell respiration, resulting in the generation of free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Overproduction of oxidants exceeding the cellular antioxidant capacity results in oxidative stress. Oxidative stress leads to tissue damage of a wide range of biomolecules and causes metabolic changes that consequently influence performance. To protect against oxidative stress, the body has an effective antioxidant defence system, including non-enzymatic and enzymatic components. The antioxidative effect of evening primrose oil (EPO) administration on the oxidative stress of race horses during their regular training period was determined. The eight-week experiment was performed on ten clinically healthy thoroughbred horses. All the horses were enrolled in a regular training program. Eight weeks before the experiment, the horses were fed a diet which remained the same for the following eight weeks, only supplemented with 150 ml EPO (blood samplings 3 times). Total antioxidant reactivity, thiobarbituric acid reacting substances, uric acid, levels, activities of muscle enzymes, eg. aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and parameters of fatty acid metabolism such as triacylglycerols and nonesterified fatty acids were determined. Average values of TAS after supplementation with EPO rose gradually and were detected at significantly higher levels in the sixth week in comparison with the control. The concentration of malondialdehyde, measured as TBARS, decreased significantly compared with the untreated control. The activities of AST and CK fluctuated, but no disturbance was demonstrated in muscle homeostasis. The present results indicate that the total antioxidant activity of the thoroughbred horses fed a diet supplemented with EPO was higher, and it helped stabilize the permeability of the muscle cell membranes in the horses at full workload.
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The preparation and use of recreational and sports horses
KOČANDRLOVÁ, Barbora
The bachelor´s thesis deals with the preparation and use of recreational and sports horses. The recreational horses are mainly used for entertainment, riding or leisure (hobby) competitions whereas sports horses (show jumping horses, dressage horses) are used primarily for a certain discipline in which they compete. In the practical part of the thesis, occupational and leisure activities show jumping horses, dressage horses and recreational horses are mentioned. The subject of my observation was the riding regime, that took place between May and August. The activities that the horses were engaged in were evaluated on the basis of the percentage distribution of each work: fieldwork, the riding area, jumping, work on the lunge, work from the ground, competitions and relaxation time of horses. In the detailed analysis, we can see how many hours the horses spent in the given activity through the period of four months. It was found that the fieldwork was the most common physical activity of recreational horses (11 days/horse/month). The most common activity the sports horses were engaged in was work in the riding area (show jumping 7.8 days/horse/month, dressage 7.9 days/horse/month). All groups of horses spent the least amount of time on working from the ground (recreational 0.1 days/horse/month, show jumping 0.3 days/horse/month, dressage 0.1 days/horse/month).
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The incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in sport horses
ŠTĚRBA, Jakub
The objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence of locomotive organs disorders in sports horses. The locomotive organs condition is one of the determining factors of horse{\crq}s performance, thus it is also very important economical factor. The occurrence of the disorders is important not only for the given individual, but it can be used e.g. as the genetic information or the indicator of breeding management. The results of 151 horses in the age from 3 to 24 years were observed. Total of 10 radiographic images were evaluated in each horse. With respect to frequency and importance, following disorders were emphasized: occurrence and degree of modifications of navicular bone (navicular syndrome) and hock joint (bone spavin). Others modifications were observed on a smaller range. The results showed that only 11% of horses were free of any disorder. 89% of horses had at least one of the disorders, whereas 83% of them showed the disorder of navicular bone and 52% of them showed the disorder of bone spavin.
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